Johannes Kepler

Kepler’s expertise lay in astronomy, mathematics, and celestial mechanics. He discovered that planets move in elliptical orbits rather than perfect circles and that their speeds vary according to their distance from the Sun. His three laws of planetary motion became a cornerstone of modern astronomy and later enabled Isaac Newton to develop the theory of universal gravitation.

He studied at the University of Tübingen, where he was trained in mathematics, astronomy, and theology. Under the influence of his teachers, Kepler became an early supporter of Copernicus’ heliocentric system, which shaped his entire scientific career.